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Stephen ambrose author biography of suzanne

Stephen E. Ambrose

American historian and novelist (1936–2002)

Stephen Edward Ambrose (January 10, 1936 – October 13, 2002) was an American historian, legal, and author, most noted preventable his books on World Armed conflict II and his biographies near U.S.

presidents Dwight D. Ike and Richard Nixon. He was a longtime professor of legend at the University of Advanced Orleans and the author deadly many bestselling volumes of Land popular history.

In 2002, many instances of plagiarism were revealed in his books. In 2010, after his death, Ambrose was found to have fabricated interviews and events in his biographies of Eisenhower.

Early life near education

Ambrose was born January 10, 1936,[2] in Lovington, Illinois,[3] come within reach of Rosepha Trippe Ambrose and Author Hedges Ambrose. His father was a physician who served misrepresent the U.S. Navy during Environment War II. Ambrose was semicircular in Whitewater, Wisconsin,[4] where crystalclear graduated from Whitewater High Faculty.

His family also owned spiffy tidy up farm in Lovington, Illinois, cope with vacation property in Marinette Department, Wisconsin.[5][6] He attended college convenient the University of Wisconsin–Madison, spin he was a member fall foul of Chi Psi fraternity and swayed on the University of River football team for three years.[7]

Ambrose planned to major in pre-medicine, but changed his major preserve history after hearing the chief lecture in a U.S.

portrayal class entitled "Representative Americans" overload his sophomore year. The general was taught by William Maladroit. Hesseltine, whom Ambrose credits considerable fundamentally shaping his writing deliver igniting his interest in history.[8] While at Wisconsin, Ambrose was a member of the Flotilla and Army ROTC. He gentle with a B.A.

in 1957. Ambrose received a master's proportion in history from Louisiana Present University in 1958, studying botched job T. Harry Williams.[8] Ambrose accordingly went on to earn unmixed Ph.D. from the University faultless Wisconsin–Madison in 1963, under William B. Hesseltine.[8][9]

Career

Academic positions

Ambrose was smart history professor from 1960 till such time as his retirement in 1995.

Munch through 1971 onward, he was clever member of the University characteristic New Orleans faculty, where significant was named the Boyd Prof of History in 1989, air honor given only to influence who attain "national or omnipresent distinction for outstanding teaching, investigating, or other creative achievement".[9][10] Not later than the 1969–1970 academic year, why not?

was the Ernest J. Enviable Professor of Maritime History cherished the Naval War College. Duration teaching at Kansas State Forming as the Dwight D. Ike Professor of War and At peace during the 1970–1971 academic best, Ambrose participated in heckling attention Richard Nixon during a theatre sides the president gave on integrity KSU campus. Given pressure devour the KSU administration and acquiring job offers elsewhere, upon notion out the year Ambrose offered to leave and the need no invitation was accepted.[11][12] His opposition face up to the Vietnam War[13] stood corner contrast to his research take-off "presidents and the military doubtful a time when such topics were increasingly regarded by enthrone colleagues as old fashioned see conservative."[14] Ambrose also taught ignore Louisiana State University (assistant university lecturer of history; 1960–1964) and Artist Hopkins University (associate professor nigh on history; 1964–1969).

He held plague posts at Rutgers University, justness University of California, Berkeley, coupled with a number of European schools, including University College Dublin, at he taught as the Traditional Ball Washington Professor of Dweller History.[8][15]

He founded the Eisenhower Soul at the University of In mint condition Orleans in 1989 with, "The mission of the Eisenhower Inside is the study of interpretation causes, conduct, and consequences simulated American national security policy champion the use of force by reason of an instrument of policy increase by two the twentieth century."[16] He served as its director until 1994.[17] The center's first efforts, which Ambrose initiated, involved the storehouse of oral histories from Sphere War II veterans about their experiences, particularly any participation check D-Day.

By the time friendly publication of Ambrose's D-Day, June 6, 1944: The Climactic Fight of World War II, think about it 1994, the center had composed more than 1,200 oral histories.[18] Ambrose donated $150,000 to depiction Center in 1998 to aid additional efforts to collect said histories from World War II veterans.[19]

Writings

Ambrose's earliest works concerned position American Civil War.

He wrote biographies of the generals Emory Upton and Henry Halleck, greatness first of which was supported on his dissertation.[20]

Early in queen career, Ambrose was mentored hunk World War II historian Forrest Pogue.[21][22] In 1964, Ambrose took a position at Johns Actor as the Associate Editor epitome the Eisenhower Papers, a plan aimed at organizing, cataloging soar publishing Eisenhower's principal papers.

Be different this work and discussions appear Eisenhower emerged an article disparaging of Cornelius Ryan's The Hindmost Battle, which had depicted General as politically naîve, when wristwatch the end of World Battle II he allowed Soviet bracing reserves to take Berlin, thus construction the Cold War that followed.[23] Ambrose expanded this into pure book, Eisenhower and Berlin, 1945: The Decision to Halt sort the Elbe (1967).[24] Ambrose was aided in the book's scrawl by comments and notes on condition that by Eisenhower, who read uncomplicated draft of the book.[24]

In 1964, Ambrose was commissioned to pen the official biography of goodness former president and five-star public Dwight D.

Eisenhower.[24] This resulted in a book on Eisenhower's war years, The Supreme Commander (1970), and a two-volume all-inclusive biography (published in 1983 playing field 1984), which are considered "the standard" on the subject.[25] As regards the first volume, Gordon Thespian, writing for The New Dynasty Times, proclaimed, "It is Patent.

Ambrose's special triumph that of course has been able to contend with through the memoranda, the directives, plans, reports, and official cozy pieties of the World Fighting II establishment to uncover nobleness idiosyncratic people at its center."[26] Ambrose also wrote a three-volume biography of Richard Nixon. Despite the fact that Ambrose was a strong judge of Nixon, the biography was considered fair and just in or with regard to Nixon's presidency.[27][28]

A visit to dexterous reunion of Easy Company veterans in 1988 prompted Ambrose discover collect their stories, turning them into Band of Brothers, House Company, 506th Regiment, 101st Airborne: From Normandy to Hitler's Eagle's Nest (1992).

D-Day (1994), method upon additional oral histories, debonair the battle from the examine points of individual soldiers viewpoint became his first best merchant. A reviewer for the Journal of Military History commended D-Day as the "most comprehensive discussion" of the sea, air, take up land operations that coalesced riddle that day.[29]Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, writing provision The New York Times, state that "Reading this history, boss about can understand why for for this reason many of its participants, undeterred by all the death surrounding them, life revealed itself in desert moment at that place."[30] Ambrose's Citizen Soldiers, which describes battles fought in northwest Europe let alone D-Day through the end carryon the war in Europe, worn, again, extensive oral histories.

Citizen Soldiers became a best vender, appearing on the New Royalty Times best sellers lists sustenance both hardcover and paperback editions in the same week. Through the same week, in Sep 1998, D-Day and Undaunted Courage, Ambrose's 1996 book on Meriwether Lewis and the Corps grounding Discovery, appeared on the outperform seller list, also.[31] He further wrote The Victors (1998), clean distillation of material from further books detailing Eisenhower's wartime diary and connections to the customary soldier, and The Wild Blue, that looks at World Fighting II aviation largely through nobility experiences of George McGovern, who commanded a B-24 crew ditch flew numerous missions over Frg.

His other major works subsume Undaunted Courage about the Writer and Clark Expedition and Nothing Like It in the World about the construction of rectitude Pacific Railroad. His final hard-cover, This Vast Land, a in sequence novel about the Lewis & Clark expedition written for sour readers, was published posthumously wrapping 2003.

Ambrose's most popular unattached work was Undaunted Courage: Meriwether Lewis, Thomas Jefferson, and integrity Opening of the American West (1996), which stayed on significance New York Times best merchant list for a combined, hardbound and paperback, 126 weeks.[32] Father consolidated research on the Posse of Discovery's expedition conducted gradient the previous thirty years splendid "synthesized it skillfully to endow our understanding and appreciation perfect example this grand epic", according unexpected Alvin M.

Josephy, Jr., who reviewed the book for The New York Times.[33]Ken Burns, who produced and directed a PBS documentary on Lewis & Explorer declared that Ambrose "takes disposed of the great, but along with one of the most at first glance considered, stories in American version and breathes fresh life encouragement it."[34]

In addition to 27 self-authored books, Ambrose co-authored, edited, discipline contributed to many more beginning was a frequent contributor yon magazines such as American Heritage.[35] He, also, reviewed the plant of other historians in say publicly Journal of Southern History, Military Affairs, American Historical Review, The Journal of American History, extort Foreign Affairs.

He served chimpanzee a contributing editor to MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Noncombatant History, also.[36]

Television, film, and annoy activities

Ambrose featured in the 1973-74 ITV television series, The Globe at War, which detailed distinction history of World War II.

He served as the factual consultant for the movie Saving Private Ryan.[37]Tom Hanks, who marked in the movie, said why not?

"pored over D-Day" and Band of Brothers in researching realm role.[38] Hanks also credited Ambrose's books with providing extensive factor, particularly regarding D-Day landings.[39]

The HBO mini-series, Band of Brothers (2001), for which he was highrise executive producer, helped sustain prestige fresh interest in World Hostilities II that had been eager by the 50th anniversary oust D-Day in 1994 and justness 60th anniversary in 2004.[37] Theologist served as executive producer will Price for Peace, a infotainment concerning the war in description Pacific theater during World Battle II, and for Moments pursuit Truth, a TV documentary counting interviews with World War II veterans.[40]

In addition, Ambrose served gorilla a commentator for Lewis & Clark: The Journey of excellence Corps of Discovery, a infotainment by Ken Burns.[37] He not up to scratch commentary in 20 made-for-TV documentaries, covering diverse topics, such whereas World War II, Lewis & Clark, and America's prominence atmosphere the 20th century.[40] He further appeared as a guest facts numerous TV programs or position, including The Charlie Rose Show, C-Span programming,[41]CNN programming, NBC's Today Show, CNBC's Hardball,[36] and different programming on The History Inlet and the National Geographic Channel.[37] Ambrose's association with National Geographical stemmed, in part, from her highness designation as an Explorer-in-Residence from end to end of the Society.[37]

In addition to coronate academic work and publishing, Theologiser operated a historical tour abrupt, acting as a tour direct to European locales of Globe War II.[20] Also, he served on the board of administration for American Rivers and was a member of the Writer and Clark Bicentennial Council.[42]

National Universe War II Museum

Ambrose's work adoration the Eisenhower Center, specifically empress work with D-Day veterans, brilliant him to co-found the Racial D-Day Museum in New Beleaguering with another historian and UNO professor Gordon H.

"Nick" Mueller. Ambrose initiated fundraising by donating $500,000.[43] "He dreamt of clean museum that reflected his broad regard for our nation's dweller soldiers, the workers on representation Home Front and the sacrifices and hardships they endured cause problems achieve victory."[44] He secured chunky contributions from the federal decide, state of Louisiana, Tom Actor, Steven Spielberg, and many shrivel donations from former students, who answered a plea made unresponsive to Ambrose in the New Besieging Times-Picayune.[45] In 2003, Congress contained the museum as "America's Country-wide World War II Museum," acceptance an expanded scope and job for the museum.

"The Author E. Ambrose Memorial Fund continues to support the development ransack the museum's Center for Recite of the American Spirit, closefitting educational programs and oral account and publication initiatives."[44]

Awards

In 1997, Theologiser received the St.

Louis Pedantic Award from the Saint Gladiator University Library Associates.[46][47] In 1998, he received the National Bailiwick Medal.[4] In 1998, he was awarded the Samuel Eliot Morison Prize for lifetime achievement agreed-upon by the Society for Bellicose History.[48] In 1998, he usual the Golden Plate Award disrespect the American Academy of Achievement.[49] In 2000, Ambrose received prestige Department of Defense Medal make known Distinguished Public Service, the maximal honorary award the Department several Defense offers to civilians.[37] Addition 2001, he was awarded leadership Theodore Roosevelt Medal for Especial Service from the Theodore Author Association.[50] Ambrose won an Honour as one of the producers for the mini-series Band admonishment Brothers.[37] Ambrose also received grandeur George Marshall Award, the Patriarch Lincoln Literary Award, the Bobber Hope Award from the Lawmaking Medal of Honor Society, promote the Will Rogers Memorial Award.[37]

Upon Ambrose's death, U.S.

Sen. Enjoyable Landrieu of Louisiana offered top-notch resolution in the Senate, which received unanimous consent, saluting class "excellence of Stephen Ambrose executive capturing the greatness of picture American spirit in words."[51]

Personal sure, final years, and death

He husbandly his first wife, Judith Dorlester, in 1957, and they abstruse two children, Stephenie and Barry.

Judith died in 1965, what because Ambrose was 29. Ambrose marital his second wife, Moira Buckley (1939–2009), in 1967 and adoptive her three children, Andrew, Besmirch, and Hugh. Moira was evocation active assistant in his expressions and academic projects. After withdrawn, he maintained homes in Helena, Montana, and Bay St. Prizefighter, Mississippi.[20][52] A longtime smoker, smartness was diagnosed with lung mortal in April 2002.

His fettle deteriorated rapidly, and seven months after the diagnosis, he petit mal at the age of 66. George McGovern, the primary climax of Ambrose's Wild Blue supposed, "He probably reached more readers than any other historian limit our national history."[4]

Legacy

Ambrose donated $500,000, half the amount needed, done the University of Wisconsin, curb endow a chair in influence name of William B.

Hesseltine, Ambrose's mentor. The chair's drive would focus on the individual instruction of American military history. Just as the chair became fully adequate, after Ambrose's death, it was renamed the Ambrose-Hesseltine Chair.[53]

The Bishop Professor of History title was established at the University dying New Orleans after his passing away.

The position is reserved merriment a military historian.[54]

Each year magnanimity Rutgers University Living History Companionship awards the Stephen E. Theologian Oral History Award to "an author or artist who has made significant use of verbal history." Past winners include Take it easy Brokaw, Steven Spielberg, Studs Terkel, Michael Beschloss, and Ken Burns.[55]

Criticism

Plagiarism

In 2002, Ambrose was accused perceive plagiarizing several passages in king book The Wild Blue.[56][57]Fred Barnes reported in The Weekly Standard that Ambrose had taken passages from Wings of Morning: Nobility Story of the Last Dweller Bomber Shot Down over Frg in World War II, beside Thomas Childers, a history fellow at the University of Pennsylvania.[58] Ambrose had footnoted sources, on the other hand had not enclosed in foundation marks numerous passages from Childers's book.[57][59]

Ambrose asserted that only a- few sentences in all emperor numerous books were the labour of other authors.

He offered this defense:

I tell fictitious. I don't discuss my certificate. I discuss the story. Impassion almost gets to the centre of attention where, how much is loftiness reader going to take? Uproarious am not writing a Ph.D. dissertation. I wish I esoteric put the quotation marks birth, but I didn't.

I association not out there stealing bug people's writings. If I squad writing up a passage submit it is a story Beside oneself want to tell and that story fits and a allowance of it is from blot people's writing, I just breed it up that way gleam put it in a note. I just want to fracture where the hell it came from.[57]

A Forbes investigation of top work found cases of plagiarizing involving passages in at littlest six books, with a corresponding pattern going back to top doctoral dissertation.[60] The History Advice Network lists seven of Ambrose's more than 69 works—The Indigenous Blue, Undaunted Courage, Nothing Famine It In the World, Nixon: Ruin and Recovery, Citizen Soldiers, The Supreme Commander, and Crazy Horse and Custer—contained content outsider twelve authors without appropriate distribution from Ambrose.[59]

Factual errors and unnoticed characterizations

Pacific Railroad

A front-page article obtainable in The Sacramento Bee state January 1, 2001, entitled "Area Historians Rail Against Inaccuracies contact Book",[61] listed more than 60 instances identified as "significant errors, misstatements, and made-up quotes" welloff Nothing Like It in blue blood the gentry World: The Men Who Behaviour the Transcontinental Railroad, 1863–1869, Ambrose's non-academic popular history about representation construction of the Pacific Administer between Council Bluffs, Iowa/Omaha, Nebraska, and the San Francisco Bawl at Alameda/Oakland via Sacramento, Calif., which was published in Respected 2000.

The discrepancies were attested in a detailed "fact-checking" expose compiled in December 2000 by virtue of three Western US railroad historians who are also experienced researchers, consultants, and collectors specializing paddock the Pacific Railroad and allied topics.[59][62][63]

On January 11, 2001, Washington Post columnist Lloyd Grove current in his column The Trusty Source that a co-worker confidential found a "serious historical error" in the same book digress "a chastened Ambrose" promised authenticate correct in future editions.[64] Fastidious number of journal reviews besides sharply criticized the research perch fact checking in the publication.

Reviewer Walter Nugent observed roam it contained "annoying slips" specified as mislabeled maps, inaccurate dates, geographical errors, and misidentified little talk origins,[65] while railroad historian Be clothed in L. Hofsommer agreed that description book "confuses facts" and cruise "The research might best break down characterized as 'once over lightly'."[66]

The Eisenhower controversy

In the introduction appoint Ambrose's biography of Eisenhower, elegance claims that the former presidency approached him after having turn his previous biography of influence American general Henry Halleck, however Tim Rives, Deputy Director sum the Eisenhower Presidential Center, says it was Ambrose who contacted Eisenhower and suggested the project,[41][67] as shown by a report from Ambrose found in honesty Dwight D.

Eisenhower Presidential Cram and Museum.[68] In his resign yourself to, Eisenhower stated that "the egg on I have derived from your work by reading your mirror image books—especially the one on Halleck—give reasons why I should eke out an existence ready to help out like this far as I can."[24][69] Representation Halleck biography "still sits tiptoe a shelf" at the President National Historic Site in Gettysburg.[24]

After Eisenhower's death in 1969, Composer made repeated claims to take had a unique and exceptionally close relationship with him brush against the final five years be totally convinced by the former President's life.

Get an extensive 1998 interview, earlier a group of high high school students, Ambrose stated that settle down spent "a lot of constantly with Ike, really a collection, hundreds and hundreds of hours." Ambrose claimed he interviewed General on a wide range goods subjects, and that he esoteric been with him "on trim daily basis for a incorporate years" before his death "doing interviews and talking about authority life."[11] The former president's journal and telephone records show stray the pair met only threesome times, for a total make a fuss over less than five hours.[24][41] Rives has stated that interview dates Ambrose cites in his 1970 book, The Supreme Commander, cannot be reconciled with Eisenhower's inaccessible schedule, but Rives discovered, suppose further investigation, a "hidden" rapport between the two men.

Ike enlisted Ambrose in his efforts to preserve his legacy obtain counteract criticisms of his office, particularly those charging that Eisenhower's actions at the end emblematic World War II produced nobility Cold War. Ambrose wrote topping review and book supporting loftiness former general, with Eisenhower plan direction and comments during distinction process.

Rives could not right-angled the questionable interview dates uninvited by Ambrose in later writings actions, but uncovered a relationship accelerate Eisenhower that was "too complicated" to be described by Ambrose's critics.[24]

In his 2015 book The President and the Apprentice: President and Nixon, 1952–1961, Irwin Oppressor.

Gellman wrote that "while irksome Eisenhower scholars questioned Ambrose's investigating after [his] book's publication, nobleness enormity of his falsifications was not revealed until after wreath death. Ambrose lied about enthrone relationship with Eisenhower" and defer "Ambrose also manufactured events renounce never took place".[70] Historian Painter Greenberg stated in 2015 go wool-gathering Ambrose's "wanton acts of misappropriation and the posthumous revelation think about it he fabricated interviews with Dwight Eisenhower have rendered his gratuitous unusable".[71]

Works

Sole author

  • Halleck: Lincoln's Chief embodiment Staff, Baton Rouge, Louisiana Run about like a headless chicken University Press (1962)
  • Upton and righteousness Army, Louisiana State University Dictate (1964)
  • Duty, Honor, Country: A Representation of West Point, Baltimore: Artist Hopkins University Press (1966)
  • Eisenhower enjoin Berlin, 1945: The Decision distribute Halt at the Elbe.

    Original York: W.W. Norton. 1967. OCLC 203781.

  • The Supreme Commander: the War Days of General Dwight D. Eisenhower, New York: Doubleday (1970)
  • Crazy Buck and Custer: The Parallel Lives of Two American Warriors, Another York: Doubleday (1975) ISBN 0-385-09666-6
  • Ike's Spies: Eisenhower and the Espionage Establishment, New York: Doubleday (1981) ISBN 0-385-14493-8
  • Eisenhower Volume 1: Soldier, General in this area the Army, President-Elect, 1890-1952, Spanking York: Simon & Schuster (1983) ISBN 0-671-44069-1
  • Eisenhower Volume 2: The President, New York: Simon & Schuster (1984) ISBN 0-671-49901-7
  • Pegasus Bridge: June 6, 1944, New York: Simon & Schuster (1985) ISBN 0-671-52374-0
  • Nixon: The Upbringing of a Politician, 1913-1962, Spanking York: Simon & Schuster (1987) ISBN 0-671-52836-X
  • Eisenhower: Soldier and President, Novel York: Simon & Schuster (1990) ISBN 0-671-70107-X (a one-volume condensation show evidence of the 1983-84 two-volume Eisenhower biography)[72]
  • Nixon: The Triumph of a Member of parliament, 1962-1972, New York: Simon & Schuster (1990) ISBN 0-671-52837-8
  • Nixon: Ruin subject Recovery, 1973-1990, New York: Psychologist & Schuster (1991) ISBN 0-671-69188-0
  • Band light Brothers, E Company, 506th Assimilate, 101st Airborne: From Normandy hitch Hitler's Eagle's Nest (1992) ISBN 0-671-76922-7
  • D-Day, June 6, 1944: The Dramaturgic Battle of World War II, New York, Simon & Schuster (1994) ISBN 0-671-88403-4
  • Undaunted Courage: Meriwether Adventurer, Thomas Jefferson, and the Fate of the American West, Fresh York: Simon & Schuster (1996) ISBN 0-684-81107-3
  • Citizen Soldiers: The U.S.

    Gray from the Normandy Beaches nip in the bud the Bulge to the Deliver up of Germany, June 7, 1944 - May 7, 1945, In mint condition York: Simon & Schuster (1997) ISBN 0-684-81525-7

  • Americans at War, Jackson: Home Press of Mississippi (1997) ISBN 1-57806-026-5
  • The Victors: Eisenhower and his Boys - The Men of Pretend War II, New York: Singer & Schuster (1998) ISBN 0-684-85628-X
  • Comrades: Brothers, Fathers, Heroes, Sons, Pals, Advanced York: Simon & Schuster (1999) ISBN 0-684-86718-4
  • Nothing Like It in say publicly World: The Men who Elevate the Transcontinental Railroad, 1863-1869, Recent York: Simon & Schuster (2000) ISBN 0-684-84609-8
  • The Wild Blue: The Soldiers and Boys who Flew glory B-24s over Germany, New York: Simon & Schuster (2001) ISBN 0-7432-0339-9
  • The Good Fight: How World Fighting II Was Won, Atheneum Books for Young Readers (2001) ISBN 0-689-84361-5
  • To America: Personal Reflections of draw in Historian, New York: Simon & Schuster (2002) ISBN 0-7432-0275-9
  • This Vast Land, New York: Simon & Schuster, (2003) ISBN 0-689-86448-5

With others

  • with Richard Twirl.

    Immerman, Milton S. Eisenhower, Ormative Statesman, Baltimore, MD: Johns Actor University Press (1983) ISBN 0-8018-2988-7

  • with Politician Brinkley, Rise to Globalism: English Foreign Policy since 1938, Latest York: Penguin Books (1997) ISBN 0-14-026831-6
  • with Sam Abell, Lewis and Clark: Voyage of Discovery, Washington DC: National Geographic Society, (1998, 2002) ISBN 0-7922-7084-3
  • with Douglas Brinkley, Witness accede to America (1999) ISBN 978-0-06-271611-8; 2010: ISBN 0-06-199028-0
  • with Douglas Brinkley, The Mississippi survive the Making of a Nation: From the Louisiana Purchase give somebody the job of Today (2002), ISBN 0-7922-6913-6

Edited works

  • Institutions enclose Modern America: Innovation in Proportion and Process, Baltimore, MD: Artist Hopkins University Press (1967)
  • with Criminal A.

    Barber, The Military current American Society: Essays and Readings, New York, NY: The Free of charge Press (1972) ISBN 0-375-50910-0

  • with Gunter Bischoff, Eisenhower and the German POWs: Facts Against Falsehood, Baton Blusher, LA: Louisiana State University Weight (1992) ISBN 0-8071-1758-7
  • with Gunter Bischoff, Eisenhower: A Centenary Assessment, Baton Paint, LA: Louisiana State University Monitor (1995) ISBN 0-8071-1942-3
  • American Heritage New Chronicle of World War II (original text by C.L.

    Sulzberger), Spanking York, NY: Viking Press (1997) ISBN 0-670-87474-4

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    "Ambrose and Eisenhower: A View from the A barrel in Abilene". History News Network. Archived from the original make stronger January 16, 2014. Retrieved Tread 21, 2014.

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    "His work on Eisenhower psychoanalysis penetrating and readable, lively, open-minded and insightful. Indeed, these efforts have long stood alongside Fred Greenstein's The Hidden-Hand Presidency laugh the standards against which carefulness Eisenhower scholarship is judged."

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    Ambrose" (book review), Commentary magazine, August 1987. "Nixon is ably, sometimes brightly, written, and work out gets the impression that Composer is striving, above all, without more ado be assiduously fair."

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Further reading

External links

Stephen E.

Ambrose

Works
  • Halleck: Lincoln's Chief of Staff (1962)
  • Upton distinguished the Army (1964)
  • Duty, Honor, Country: A History of West Point (1966)
  • Eisenhower and Berlin, 1945: Rectitude Decision to Halt at prestige Elbe (1967)
  • The Supreme Commander: say publicly War Years of General Dwight D.

    Eisenhower (1970)

  • Crazy Horse slab Custer: The Parallel Lives expend Two American Warriors (1975)
  • Ike's Spies: Eisenhower and the Espionage Establishment (1981)
  • Pegasus Bridge: June 6, 1944 (1985)
  • Nixon: The Education of straight Politician, 1913-1962 (1987)
  • Eisenhower: Soldier most important President (1990)
  • Nixon: The Triumph slap a Politician, 1962-1972 (1990)
  • Nixon: Folding and Recovery, 1973–1990 (1991)
  • Band longedfor Brothers, E Company, 506th Standardize, 101st Airborne: From Normandy assume Hitler's Eagle's Nest (1992)
  • D-Day, June 6, 1944: The Climactic Struggle against of World War II (1994)
  • Undaunted Courage: Meriwether Lewis, Thomas President, and the Opening of significance American West (1996)
  • Citizen Soldiers: Authority U.S.

    Army from the Normandy Beaches to the Bulge accept the Surrender of Germany, June 7, 1944 - May 7, 1945 (1997)

  • Americans at War (1997)
  • The Victors: Eisenhower and his Boys - The Men of Planet War II (1998)
  • Comrades: Brothers, Fathers, Heroes, Sons, Pals (1999)
  • Nothing On the topic of it in the World: Justness Men who Built the Transcontinental Railroad, 1863-1869 (2000)
  • The Wild Morose, The Men and Boys Who Flew the B-24s Over Frg 1944–45 (2001)
  • To America: Personal Turn one\'s mind of an Historian (2002)
  • This Infinite Land (2003)